嵌入式激光轮对磨损在线检测
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摘要：
高铁轮对轮廓表面磨损的精密测量对于高铁稳定安全运行具有重要的研究意义.基于此,研制了一种基于激光三角测量原理的嵌入式高铁轮对表面磨损测量装置.以低功耗STM32F103单片机为主控制器,采用TCD1500C作为位移感光元件,软件模拟了CCD驱动时序,并利用主控制器内部模数转换器将CCD放大后的电压信号转换为数字信号,对数字信号进行FIR滤波和二值化处理,再由三角测距原理拟合得到轮对尺寸参数.同时,利用蓝牙通信接口将测量数据传输至上位机虚拟仪器面板中,在PC端进行可视化显示和结果分析.结合实际测量和安装尺寸,在ZEMAX中模拟和优化了Ernostar透镜组,以消除由于焦距变化引起的像差.采用线性拟合对模拟轮对测量进行了校准,并使用校准后的装置对模拟磨损轮对进行在线测量.实验结果表明,该实验装置最大可测量磨损程度可达32 mm,测量精度达21.28μm,测量分辨率为6μm,满足轮对表面磨损精度测量需求.
The precision measurement of the surface abrasion of the high-speed train wheelsets(HSTW)is essential for ensuring the safety and smoothness for their work.A portable wheelsets instrument was developed to in-situ measure the surface abrasion of HSTW based on laser triangulation method.A 32-bit low-power microcontroller(STM32F103)was employed as the main controller.A CCD chip(TCD1500C)was also used to sense the displacement.The analog signal output from TCD1500C sensor which was driven by software simulation time sequence was converted to digital signal by the on-chip ADC(analog to digital converter)of the STM32F103.The raw data were filtered by a digital FIR(Finite Impulse Response)filter and binarized by a preset threshold.Then,some surface abrasion parameters can be calculated with the triangulation method.Meanwhile,the measurement data can be transmitted to a computer virtual instrument programmed for visual display and data processing through the bluetooth communication interface.Additionally,with consideration of the installation and measurement size,the Ernostar lens group was designed and optimized in ZEMAX to eliminate aberrations produced by the variable focal length.The linear fitting strategy was utilized to calibrate the developed instrument.Then the calibrated instrument measured the simulated HSTW which had a preset defect.The experimental results show that the measuring range,precision and resolution are 32 mm,21.28μm,and 6μm,respectively.It can qualified the requirements of the measurement of the surface abrasion of the HSTW.
作者：
郭苗军 于隽雅 邱选兵 郭安邦 王建帅 徐海燕 李传亮
Guo Miaojun;Yu Junya;Qiu Xuanbing;Guo Anbang;Wang Jianshuai;Xu Haiyan;Li Chuanliang(School of Applied Science,Taiyuan University of Science&Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China)
机构地区：
太原科技大学应用科学学院
出处：
《betway官方app 学报：自然科学版》 CAS 北大核心 2020年第5期43-48,共6页
基金：
国家自然科学基金(U1610117 U1810129 11747068) 山西省重点学科建设经费和山西省“1331工程”重点创新团队建设计划(1331KIRT) 江西中医药大学现代中药制剂教育部重点实验室开放基金 山西省重点研发计划(201803D31077 201803D121090) 山西省高等学校优秀青年学术带头人(2018) 太原科技大学重型机械教育部工程研究中心“重型机械”本科生创新基金项目(20173001).
关键词：
高铁轮对 线阵CCD 激光三角测距法 FIR数字滤波 嵌入式系统
wheelsets linear array CCD laser triangulation principle digital FIR filtering embedded system
分类号：
TP394.1 [自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术] TH691.9 [机械工程—机械制造及自动化]
