不同质量浓度氨气对肉鸡生长性能和免疫功能的影响
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摘要:
探讨了不同质量浓度NH 3对肉鸡生长性能和免疫功能的影响程度.将200只1日龄Ross 308肉鸡随机分成4个处理,每个处理5个重复,每个重复10只(公母各半),试验周期为42 d.处理1为对照组,1~42日龄NH 3质量浓度为0 mg·m^-3.其他3组为试验组,1~21日龄,NH 3质量浓度分别为10 mg·m^-3、20 mg·m^-3、40 mg·m^-3;22~42日龄,NH 3质量浓度分别为15 mg·m^-3、30 mg·m^-3、60 mg·m^-3.结果表明,高质量浓度(40 mg·m^-3、60 mg·m^-3)NH 3显著降低平均日采食量ADFI(Average daily feed intake,ADFI)和平均日增体质量ADG(Average daily gain,ADG),试验组的死亡率高于对照组.与对照组相比,42日龄时肉鸡唾液中的分泌型免疫球蛋白SIgA(Secretory immunoglobulin A,SIgA)含量随着NH 3质量浓度的增加呈线性升高.21日龄时,20 mg·m^-3处理组肉鸡唾液中溶菌酶LZM(Lysozyme,lZM)含量显著低于10 mg·m^-3组和对照组,而40 mg·m^-3处理组显著高于10 mg·m^-3组和对照组;42日龄时,30 mg·m^-3处理组肉鸡唾液中LZM含量显著高于15 mg·m^-3组和对照组,而60 mg·m^-3处理组显著低于15 mg·m^-3组和对照组.42日龄时,60 mg·m^-3 NH 3显著降低胸腺指数,3个试验组肉鸡脾脏指数相对于对照组显著降低.因此,在0~21日龄期间合适的氨气质量浓度应该控制在10 mg·m^-3以下,22~42日龄期间氨气质量浓度应该低于15 mg·m^-3,以获得最佳的肉鸡生产性能和保障肉鸡健康.
The present study explored the effects of ammonia on the lysozyme(LZM)and secretory immunoglobulin A(SIgA)concentrations in saliva,ADFI(Average daily feed intake,ADFI),ADG(Average daily gain,ADG),feed-to-gain ratio,and relative weights of lymphoid organs of broiler chickens.A total of 200 Ross 308 broilers were randomly assigned to four groups.During the growing period,these broilers were exposed to 0,10,20,and 40 mg·m^-3 ammonia during the starter period and 0,15,30,and 60 mg·m^-3,respectively.Results showed that the ADFI and feed-to-gain ratio increased initially and subsequently decreased,whereas the ADG decreased only,with increased ammonia concentration.The mortalities in the ammonia treatment groups were higher than those in the control.The SIgA content in the saliva showed no significant change in 21-day-old broilers.By contrast,at day 42,the SIgA contents in the 20-30 and 40-60 mg·m^-3 groups and the LZM content in the 10-15 mg·m^-3 group increased significantly compared with those in the control.Exposure to ammonia decreased the relative weights of lymphoid organs,especially at day 42,when the thymus and spleen significantly changed in weight relative to those of the control.Taken together,the suitable ammonia level was under 10 mg·m^-3 during the starter period and under 15 mg·m^-3 during the grower period for broiler production and health.
作者:
郭艳 张进良 李小平 吴健 陈晓玉 李晴
Guo Yan;Zhang Jinliang;Li Xiaoping;Wu Jian;Chen Xiaoyu;Li Qing(College of Life Science,Shangqiu Normal University,Shangqiu 476000,China;Department of Veterinary Medicine,College of Animal Science and Technology,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China)
机构地区:
商丘师范学院生物与食品学院 华中农业大学动物科学技术学院动物医学院
出处:
《betway官方app 学报：自然科学版》 CAS 北大核心 2020年第5期93-98,共6页
基金:
国家自然科学基金(31501993) 河南省教育厅高等学校重点科研项目(17B230004 16A230024) 河南省科技厅科技攻关项目(132102210551) 商丘师范学院2011年度青年科研基金项目(2011QN19).
关键词:
氨气 生长性能 溶菌酶 分泌型免疫球蛋白A 肉鸡
ammonia growth performance lysozyme secretory immunoglobulin A broiler
分类号:
S831.4 [农业科学—畜牧学]
