公路交通对土壤重金属污染生态风险评价方法的建立与应用

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摘要:

针对机动车通行使用化石燃料中重金属物质随着尾气排放,造成公路沿线土壤、地下水等重金属污染,进而导致环境安全和食品安全双重风险问题,以商淮路为例,在对沿线土壤梯次取样监测的基础上,围绕土壤功能-质量-风险的基本涵义,将土壤污染物含量、本底背景值、土壤环境质量分级标准、主要污染因子等生态风险积累因素有机结合,首次建立了土壤污染积累综合风险评价模型,在理论上充分体现了土壤生态单元结构与功能的有机整体性和土壤污染变化的生态效应,具有客观合理性;实际应用结果表明,体现出污染物在本底背景值之上的积累效应,获得风险程度的量化定性结论,克服了内梅罗评价方法判定依据的主观性和单因子指数、地积累指数评价结果的模糊性.土壤生态风险积累综合指数法不仅评价土壤污染的风险积累程度,还对土壤功能利用具有指导作用.

The rapid development of motor traffic in China increased the heavy metal contamination in the soil along the roads,which caused the problem of the safety of environment and food.With the soil which on the sides of Shanghuai road as the main research object,the heavy metal contents（Cu,Cr,Cd,Pb）in each of the soil sample were determined by using flame atomic absorption spectrometry.Considering the function and quality of soil and the risk,ecological risk model for evaluating heavy metal pollution in soil was developed,which combined heavy metals concentration,background values,soil quality standards and principal pollution factor.This model was applied to evaluate the risks from heavy metals in the soil along the Shanghuai road.The results indicated that the quantitative conclusion was obtained and the subjectivity of Nemero index and the fuzziness of single index and Geo accumulation index were conquered.Accordingly,this model not only assessed risks from motor vehicles but also provided the guidance for land use.

作者:

韩国新冯精兰孙剑辉

机构地区:

信阳市环境监测站 betway官方app 环境学院黄淮水环境污染防治省部共建教育部重点实验室河南省环境污染控制重点实验室

出处:

《betway官方app 学报：自然科学版》 CAS 北大核心 2015年第2期98-102,共5页

基金:

国家自然科学基金(41373132)

关键词:

公路交通土壤污染重金属生态风险综合指数

motor vehicles soil contamination heavy metal ecological risk comprehensive index

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