Research on main fishing gear in Danjiangkou Reservoir(Henan Province)

• 1:betway官方app 法学院

• 2:三农法律问题研究中心

• 3:河南省丹江口水库水域生态系统野外科学观测研究站

• 4:betway官方app 水产学院

丹江口水库(河南辖区)主捕渔具调查研究.pdf

摘要(Abstract)：

为研究主捕渔具对丹江口水库（河南辖区）鱼类资源的影响，进而为禁渔政策制定提供依据，通过对6个乡镇设置9个位点进行实证调查研究．结果显示，丹江口水库（河南辖区）渔民以使用三重定置刺网捕捞为主，各位点渔获物共有3目3科13属15种，且多为中上层、喜流水性鱼类．通过分析渔获物相对重要指数，发现优势种为鲢和，其体长分别为（31.430±8.244）cm和（7.360±0.612）cm，其生物学特性显示优势种全部为幼鱼，推断是由渔具网目尺寸过小导致．采用Margalef丰富度指数，Shannon-Wiener多样性指数，Pielou均匀度指数分析渔获物多样性，发现三重定置刺网具有选择性较差、副渔获物兼捕严重等问题．对渔获物及体长相关性进行统计分析，发现上述问题可能与网衣层数有关，并对主捕对象最小可捕规格、渔具网目尺寸和网衣层数等提出规范建议，以期为有关部门主捕渔具的规范、禁渔政策的完善和法规制定提供依据．
In order to study the effects of the main catch fishing gear on fish resources in Danjiangkou Reservoir(Henan Province)and provide a basis for the establishment of a fishing ban system, the project team set 9 sites in 6 towns and townships for empirical investigation. The results showed that fishermen in Danjiangkou Reservoir(Henan Province)mainly used triple fixed gillnets to catch fish. The results also showed that there were 3 orders, 3 families, 13 genera and 15 species of fish caught in the triple fixed gillnets in Danjiangkou Reservoir(Henan Province), and most of them were mesopelagic and hydrophilic fish. By analyzing the fish content relatively important index, we found that the dominant species of silver carps and sharpbelly, its body length were(31.430±8.244) cm and(7.360±0.612) cm, the biological characteristics showed that all the dominant species were juveniles, which was inferred to be caused by the small mesh size of fishing gear. Margalef richness index, Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Pielou evenness index were used to analyze the catch diversity, and it is found that triple fixed gillnets have poor selectivity and serious by-catch. By statistical analysis of the correlation between fish catch and body length, it is found that the above problems may be related to the number of net layers. Based on the above research, this paper puts forward some suggestions on the minimum catchable specification of the main catch object, the mesh size of fishing gear and the number of mesh layers, so as to provide the basis for related departments to improve the ban policy and make laws and regulations.

关键词(KeyWords)：丹江口水库;主捕渔具;调查分析;渔获物
Danjiangkou Reservoir;the main catch fishing gear;investigation and analysis;fish catch

基金项目(Foundation):国家自然科学基金(31801032);; 河南省科技攻关项目(182102210081)

作者(Authors):董传举;张晓;詹世盈;李学军;
Dong Chuanju;Zhang Xiao;Zhan Shiying;Li Xuejun;Research Center on Legal Issues Concerning Agriculture, Countryside and Farmers; School of Law, Henan Normal University;Observation and Research Station on Water Ecosystem in Danjiangkou Reservoir of Henan Province;College of Fishery, Henan Normal University;Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Nanzhao County;

DOI:10.16366/j.cnki.1000-2367.2023.04.004

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